Welding technology is the ship shipbuilding industry one of the key technology. Currently, the world's major shipbuilding companies in the mid-90s of the 20th century has generally completed a round of modernization. Meanwhile, on this basis they were launched a new round of modernization program. Investment objectives are clearly focused on high-tech investment to further increase, a large number of new shipbuilding welding process used, highly flexible production system and advanced automatic welding robot welding technology to ensure that these shipbuilding powers in the international competition has a unique technical advantages.
The 21st century, facing new challenges and opportunities, on China's shipbuilding welding technology is a very comprehensive analysis of actual and targeted, and in order to inspire us to do a good job to do all the work, vigorously promote efficient welding technology, welding speed up the pace of technological transformation, efforts to relative resource advantage into competitive edge science and technology to promote industrial progress and industrial upgrading of ships. Otherwise, it will not only be difficult to achieve the revitalization of the grand ship industry development plan, and even there the current international market share in China is difficult to maintain a critical situation.
1. Ship Welding Technique
70 by the 20th century and 20th century, mid 80's shipbuilding crisis in the mid 2nd serious blow to the situation of the world's total shipbuilding important changes have taken place. Japan, South Korea, China (including Taiwan Province) shipbuilding industry developed rapidly, making the world shipbuilding centers from Europe to East Asia, East Asia's shipbuilding accounts for 78% of the total world shipbuilding (in tonnage terms), all shipbuilding in East Asia States have also cultivated in Japan, Korea, China, Dalian and Shanghai, the world's shipbuilding "Golden Triangle" area.
The narrow "Golden Triangle" region boasts a world-class shipbuilding enterprise, research and development centers and Marine Equipment Factory, the world's shipbuilding capacity of its shipbuilding accounts for more than 70%, the "World shipbuilding base," said.
China's shipbuilding capabilities and significant market share growth, structure and evolution of the world's shipbuilding important driving force. The scale of China's shipbuilding industry, according to State Statistics Bureau, in 1999 annual sales of more than 5 million yuan to repair a 461 shipbuilding enterprises, employ over 29.6 million total sales of 34.595 billion yuan. Which build and repair ships and 72 plants home workers 12.4 million, sales of 201.51 to 100,000,000 yuan.
At present, there are at least 30 shipyards in the export of steel ship construction. With China State Shipbuilding Corporation 9, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation four other 17.
Since the 20th century, half of the 90s, the development of China's shipbuilding industry is an important characteristic; local and joint venture enterprises with foreign owned shipbuilding developed rapidly, and formed with the Chinese shipbuilding industry, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation 2 large "third world" pattern.
China's shipbuilding capacity is now about 500 million dwt, accounting for 5% -6%, the world is expected to reach 8 million dwt in 2005 or higher level, accounting for 12% -15% in the world.
Since the reform and opening up the technical level of China's shipbuilding industry, ship type, construction quality and other aspects of the construction cycle has made considerable progress, with a certain amount of international competitiveness. One of the great progress the ship welding outstanding contributions and achieved good economic results.
1.1 Application of efficient shipbuilding production welding processes
These highly efficient welding method from the 20th century, the late 70's 3-5 kinds of development to the present 35 species, the basic construction to meet the export of ships, offshore oil platforms and the needs of various types of non-ship products.
High efficiency rate of 1.2 greatly improved welding
Welding mechanization and automation rate since the 20th century after 90 years have dramatically increased.
1.3 shipyard welding equipment becoming more and more reasonable and constitutes a rotating DC arc welding machine from 56.45% in 1983 down to 65% in 2001, the final will all be eliminated, replaced by a rectifier arc welding machine, CO2 gas shielded welding , AC welder, submerged arc welding machine and automatic boxer marine mechanized welding, gas welding and other vertical.
1.4 Ships new welding techniques, new technologies, new materials and to promote
As the shipyard's product features many varieties, small, frequent changes in product structure and materials. In recent years, with the conversion of modern shipbuilding mode, vigorously promote regional shipbuilding method, welding the ship great changes have taken place, some of the more prominent are some of the key shipyard successively introduced advanced assembly and welding line section plane using a jigsaw-position multi-wire submerged arc welding side welding forming new techniques and new equipment. The welding area for the 5-20mm, respectively, and 10-35mm marine docking puzzle board, while the theory of shipbuilding by region under the guidance of
Plane section of the hull structure of the assembly and welding are also used semi-automatic or automatic gas shielded welding angle so greatly increased welding efficiency.
National Taiwan University for the ship, the vertical closure of the joints (length 15-30m) of the welding, the original use of manual arc welding process, the drawback is the low productivity, labor-intensive, technically demanding operation of the welder, welding quality is unstable. China's shipbuilding industry from the 20th century application of CO2 since the mid-80's gas-electric vertical automatic welding process, welding, weld back in place trapezoidal groove ceramic backing, weld a positive force formed by water-cooled copper slider to maintain bath stability and forming a good weld, the welding efficiency ratio increased 5-7 times that of conventional manual welding, welding quality and stability, and is currently in the major shipyards are universally applied.
1.5 the application of welding materials
Sudden emergence in recent years the application of flux cored wire, due to high deposition efficiency flux cored wire with the weld quality, weld spatter less, easily mechanized and automated welding. Currently the shipyard has been widely used flux cored wire for welding ship structures. At the same time it with the CO2 welding technology combine to make the shipyard have tasted the sweetness in the production, so the current number of shipyards that CO2 gas shielded flux cored wire welding would be a major shipyard welding processes and welding materials. Its application were tested each year marked the trend.
Promote the use of CO2 as a large number of gas shielded flux cored wire, thus greatly boosting its per capita daily consumption of shipyard welders and welding material volume, as shown in Table 3. This further reduces the cost of China's shipbuilding and shorten the construction cycle of the ship. In addition, a number of high value-added ship's construction and non-ship products (such as large bridges, large steel structure high-rise buildings, etc.) of the welding technology has created many innovative welding technology, has made great economic and social benefits.
2 and the gap between Japan and Korea
China's shipbuilding technology with Japan, South Korea, there are still a large gap. The advantage of low labor wages in China Shipbuilding is a huge gap between the productivity offset, shipbuilding materials, equipment cost was higher than Japan, South Korea. China's shipbuilding enterprises of small and scattered, the economy of scale is poor, coupled with inadequate investment research, not yet developed the technology innovation system reasonable and effective technological gap Feidan not significantly reduced, Youxiedefang Faner expanding China, Japan, South Korea 3 China Shipbuilding Ji Han Jie Technology Zhibiaoduibi.
China's accession to WTO ×éÖ¯ De shipbuilding industry in China a Jida yes, the Tiaozhan its essence is the further opening of Shi shipbuilding industry into the world economy wave, the deeper plunge into the international competitive market to, the world shipbuilding industry Zou Xiang Bian Cheng reality. And to the shipbuilding industry's largest, most realistic and most severe challenge is technological innovation, construction of high-tech and high added value ships is the focus of future international market, but also ship large areas of the country will compete.

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